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microbiological Infection of hamburgers consumed in Arak city
Rezaei, M, Shariatifar, N., Parviz, M. (dvm), Behzadi, Aa,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (7-2015)
Abstract

Abstract

Background and Objective: The presence of microorganisms in food is a paramount importance to public health. This study was carried out to measure the rate of microbial contamination of the hamburgers consumed in Arak.

Material and Methods: The samples of frozen hamburgers ( n= 100) were collected from  the selling centers in  Arak. The city was divided into five areas and 20 samples were collecte from each area. The experiments of counting staphylococcus aureus with Iranian National No 6806-6, the total counting of bacteria No. 5272 and the counting mould and yeast with No 997 were carried out.

Results: the samples polluted by staphylococcus aureus were 26.6%. , 61.3% of the samples were higher than the required standard and 65% of the samples were higher than the required standard in Iran. The rate of staphylococcus aureus in the samples was 6×103 CFU/gr on average and the total counting of the bacteria was 5×106 CFU/gr on average, and the average rate of being polluted by fungi was 2×104 CFU/gr (820-36300) showing the high microbial contamination in this product. No significant difference was found at the level of different brands.

Conclusion: The results showed that 26.6% of the samples were contaminated with S. aureus, 61.3% with total microbial and 65% with fungal infection.

Keywords: Meat Products, Staphylococcus, Fungi, Food Safety


Safety Assessment of Lactobacillus paracasei IBRC-M 11110 in Wistar rats: a subacute 28-day toxicity study
Saba Bahrevar, Amir Abbas Barzegari, Shiva Khezri, Vahid Nejati,
Volume 15, Issue 5 (9-2021)
Abstract
Background and objectives:  Safety is a key criterion for assessment of probiotics. The objective of this study was to evaluate safety of a new Iranian Lactobacillus paracasei IBRC-M 11110 strain as a candidate probiotic. 
Methods: Eighteen male and 18 female Wistar rats were divided into two experimental and a control group. The experimental groups received the bacterium at two doses of 6 × 108 CFU/day and 6× 109 CFU/day for 28 days through oral gavage. The control groups received normal saline. On day 29, blood, serum and tissue samples were taken for analysis.
Results: Administration of the bacterium did not affect the general health and body weight of the rats during the study period. No significant change was observed in the blood parameters of rats in the experimental groups except for a significant decrease in mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin of male rats. Serum analysis showed a significant increase in the alanine transaminase and a significant decrease in aspartate transaminase in the experimental groups of male and female rats, respectively. In both male and female rats, a significant decrease in urea and a significant increase in creatinine were observed in the experimental groups. However, the above parameters were all within the normal range. Histopathological analysis of liver and kidney tissues also showed no abnormality.
Conclusion: The results confirm that L. paracasei IBRC-M 11110 was safe in the subacute toxicity test in Wistar rats.
Quality Tools to Ensure Patient Safety and Reduce the Turnaround Time of Medical Laboratories in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospitals
Puja Kumari Jha, Rachna Agarwal, Rafat Sultana Ahmed,
Volume 15, Issue 6 (11-2021)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Turnaround time (TAT) is an important quality indicator for benchmarking laboratory performance. Delay in TAT may affect patient safety; thus, continuous monitoring and analysis of laboratory workflow is mandatory. This study was designed to improve the TAT of two biochemistry laboratories serving in tertiary care teaching hospitals (multispecialty and super-specialty) through the application of quality tools namely quality failure reporting, the Fishbone model, and process mapping.
Methods: First, TAT was defined for routine (four hours) and urgent samples (two hours). Then, TAT failureincidents in 2018-2019 were analyzed using the Fishbone model. The process map of TAT was studied and made more value streamed and lean after removal of waste steps.Corrective action plans were prioritized and implemented for potential causes with more adverse outcomes. Pilot solutions were implemented for six months and TAT failures incidents were reanalyzed.
Results: The quality failure in TAT reporting was reduced by 22% (from 34% to 12%) for urgent samples and by 19% (from 27% to 8%) for routine samples after the implementation of quality tools in multispecialty hospital laboratory. In the super-specialty hospital laboratory, the improvement was more profound and the TAT percentage achieved after the corrective actions was 96.57% and 98% for urgent and routine samples, respectively.
Conclusion: Implementation of quality failure reporting culture along with quality tools led to significant improvement in TAT and higher quality laboratory performance in terms of efficiency, reliability, and increased patient safety.
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