en ميکروب شناسي Microbiology مروري Review Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;">Probiotics are living microorganisms, most of which belong to the bacterial genera <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Bifidobacterium</i>. These microorganisms are part of the natural intestinal microbiome. Many studies have shown that consuming sufficient quantities of probiotics helps maintain intestinal microbiome homeostasis by strengthening the immune and antioxidant systems, producing antimicrobial substances and various inhibitors, and competing with pathogenic agents. Although some probiotic mechanisms have not been fully elucidated, their effects in preventing and treating many diseases, including digestive disorders, infections, and even cancer, have been demonstrated. In addition to their direct effects on health, the industrial use of these microorganisms also indirectly affects human health. Therefore, this mini-review introduces probiotics and discusses some of their roles in medicine and industry in improving human health.</span></span></div> Probiotics, Microbiome, Health, Industry 0 0 http://mlj.goums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1771-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Mahnoosh Fatemi mehr.fatemi7@gmail.com 0000-0003-0376-4009 Yes Department of Biology, Fal.C., Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran Elham Safi Najafabadi elham.safi1401@gmail.com 0009-0006-4367-1279 No Department of Biology, Fal.C., Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran Zahra Forouzandeh Shahrakei forouzandehz89@yahoo.com 0000-0003-3215-1631 No Department of Biology, Fal.C., Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran Amirhossein Arab Najafabadi aha10804758@gmail.com 0009-0000-9943-2644 No Department of Biology, Fal.C., Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran Azita Amiri Baghbadorani azitaamiri00402@gmail.com 0009-0001-5489-8499 No Department of Biology, Fal.C., Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran