Showing 9 results for Education
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Volume 1, Issue 1 (5-2013)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Osteoporosis, a current silent epidemic, is of high importance due to its high prevalence and complications among women. It is a preventable disease whose high-risk population includes young girls. This study investigated the impacts of a health belief model-based education program about osteoporosis prevention on physical activity of junior high school students in in Kalaleh (Iran) during 2012.
Method: The present experimental study was conducted on 140 female students of the second-grade of junior high school in Kalaleh. The subjects were selected and allocated to the case and control groups (n = 70 each) using multistage random sampling. Data were collected through standard questionnaires on the application of health belief model in osteoporosis and physical activity. The collected data were analyzed with independent and paired t-tests in SPSS 16 version.
Results: There were no significant differences between the case and control groups in terms of household size and parents’ demographic characteristics. Before the intervention, the two groups had no significant differences in the mean scores of awareness and the health belief model constructs. However, the intervention could significantly increase the case group’s scores (P < 0.001). In addition, two months after the intervention, the mean scores of physical activity significantly increased in the case group (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: The health belief model-based education program was efficient in increasing the students’ awareness which in turn created a favorable attitude toward physical activity among the participants.
Imaneh Bagheri, Robabeh Memarian, Ebrahim Hajizadeh, Behrooz Pakcheshm,
Volume 2, Issue 1 (5-2014)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Myocardial infarction is one of the most common coronary artery diseases. One of the educational needs of patients, is how to perform sexual activities. Unfortunately, this issue is not being taught to patients, leading to problems in patients and their partners. This study was aimed to determine the effect of sex education on patients and their spouses› satisfaction after myocardial infarction.
Method: This Quasi-experimental, non-randomized study was performed on 60 patients with myocardial infarction and their spouses in the city of Yazd whom were divided into two groups of experimental and control (60 in each group),in the year 1392. The main method of this study was the education and preparation of nurses and then educating patients by trained nurses and to assess sexual satisfaction based on the standard Larson›s questionnaire. The data were then statistically analyzed using SPSS version 16 using paired, independent t-test.
Results: The average sexual satisfaction of patients in the experimental group before the intervention was 81.93 ± 12.47 and after the intervention 82.50 ± 12.57 While in the control group before the intervention the average satisfaction was 83.10 ± 17.36 and after 6 weeks 75.30 ± 15.42. Also the mean sexual satisfaction of partners in the test group before and after the intervention was 81.30 ± 12.47 and 82.07 ± 12.28 respectively. In the control group before the intervention, the average score was 82.50 ± 17.21 and after intervention it was 74.57 ± 15.30. There was significant difference between patients and spouses› sexual satisfaction scores in the experimental and control groups before and after the intervention (P=0.001).
Conclusion: Sex education increased the sexual satisfaction among the tested group. Therefore, it is suggested to include programs in order to prepare nurses in terms of sex education of patients and their spouses in cardiac intensive wards.
Soheila Meimanat Abadi, Dr Fazlullah Ghofranipour, Dr Faegh Yousefi, Farhad Moradpour,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (5-2016)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Damages caused by accidents are accounted as a major cause of death for children under 5 years old. To design preventive programs, health education theories could be employed. This study aimed to determine the effect of educational intervention based on health belief model on the damage caused by accidents in children less than 5 years in 1392 in Qorveh city.
Methods: The present randomized field trial study was conducted on 120 mothers with children less than 5 years who were supported by four different health centers. These centers were randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control. The effect of intervention was investigated using a standardized questionnaire including 85 items of health belief model structures. The questionnaires were completed using interviews by trained interviewers. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 19.0, independent and two-tailed samples t-test.
Results: We found that there were positive and significant differences in terms of knowledge, intensity, perceived barriers and self-efficacy between two groups after intervention (P<0.05). Average differences before and after the intervention and the average scores were significantly different in all cases (P<0.05). There was a significant difference regarding the mild injuries among children under five years between the two groups after intervention (P=0.023).
Conclusion: Our results showed that education on the basis of health belief model, as one of the theories of health education, has positive effects on the promotion of safety knowledge, attitude change and improving the function of mothers over damaged children lower than 5 years and consequently the promotion of health and safety among children.
Towhid Babazadeh, Morteza Banaye Jeddi, Davood Shojaeizadeh, Fatemeh Moradi, Katayoon Mirzaeian, Elham Gheysvandi,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (10-2016)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Family-centered empowerment model is one of the patterns in the area of empowering patients in modification of risky behaviors. According to extensive health and economic consequences of brucellosis in the community, we decided to evaluate the effect of this pattern in risk behavior modification in patients with brucellosis.
Methods: The current study was a quasi-experimental study that was performed on 76 individuals with brucellosis in Chalderan County, 2013. All of the patients were allocated in intervention and control groups using stratified randomiztion. Data was collected using a standardized researcher-made questionnaire based on family-centered empowerment model in five structures including knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, self-esteem and behavior in two phases. The first stage was before the educational intervention and the second stage was performed two months after the intervention. To analyze data statistically, descriptive statistics and paired and independent t tests with the significance level of 0.05 were used.
Results: Mean and standard deviation of the patients' ages was 37.9 ± 14.7. Paired t-test results showed that the mean scores of knowledge (p<0.001), attitudes (p<0.001), self efficacy (p<0.001), self-esteem (p<0.001) and behavior (p<0.001) were significantly increased within the intervention group. However, the changes were not significant in the mean scores of knowledge (p=0.293), attitudes (p=0.106), self efficacy (p=0.225), self-esteem (p=0.105) and behavior (p=0.303) in the control group. According to the results of independent t-test, the mean scores increased considerably in all structures within the intervention group in comparison to the control group after the educational intervention (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Regular interventional programs and applying educational theories could be an effective method in high risk behavior modification in patients with brucellosis. Therefore, such programs should be implemented in a wide range.
Hossein Torbatinezhad, Hossein Amani,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (6-2018)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Educational technology is widely used in all parts of medical education. The use and application of common educational technologies and adoption of educational design patterns in medical sciences education can greatly help in medical simulations, training, and improving of clinical skills of nurses and medical students. The aim of this research was to study computer-assisted instruction, virtual patients, and human patient simulation in medical science education based on Gagne’s educational design pattern.
Methods: The research methodology in this paper was a review-article of applied type, which helps the education designer in the field of medical education to choose the most suitable educational technologies in medical science education to achieve their desired goals by considering the advantages and disadvantages of computer-assisted instruction, virtual patients, and human patient simulation.
Results: In this article, we first reviewed the educational technology and common technologies in medical education and its advantages and disadvantages as well as the most appropriate educational technology to achieve the needed goals. We then described two multimedia (Computer-Assisted Instruction and Virtual Patients) and educational models for virtual patients as well as two simulators (virtual patient and human patient simulation). Subsequently, we explored the educational design and its patterns (including Ganja, Watson, Merrill, Reigeluth, Asher, Camp, and Siemens) and selected the best pattern (Gagne’s pattern) according to the learning theories and research background. Finally, the three approaches mentioned in this article (computer-assisted instruction, virtual patients, human patient simulation) were designed based on the Gagne’s model.
Conclusion: Based on the results, one can conclude that the computer-assisted instruction, virtual patients, and human patient simulation based on the Gagne’s educational design model can help medical education instructors in training communication skills, clinical skills, and skills of obtaining medical history from the patient as well as problem-solving skills, knowledge acquisition, and critical thinking. They can also help the educational designer in the field of medical education to select the most suitable educational technologies in medical science education due to the best educational model of virtual patients and the Meyer educational media principles and simulation-based learning-educational theories tailored to the goals and content of medical education courses. Therapies for autoimmune disorders such as SLE.
Mojtaba Karimi Fard, Ali Khajehlandi,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Diabetes is one of the health problems in all societies. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of a period of training at different temperatures on the gene expression of GLUT_4 and insulin receptor in the brown adipose tissue of diabetic rats.
Material and Methods: In this experimental study, 21 diabetic rats were randomly divided into 3 groups of 7 animals, including: (1) control (C), (2) swimming training at 5° C (S5ºC), and (3) swimming training at 36° C (S36ºC). Water swimming training was performed at 5±2° C and 36±2° C for six weeks, 5 sessions per week and 2-4 minutes per session. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test at the significance level of p≤0.05.
Results: The gene expression of GLUT4 and insulin receptor in the S5º C and S36º C groups was significantly (P = 0.0001) higher than the control group. Also, the gene expression of GLUT4 in the S36º C group was higher than the S5º C group (p = 0.001), and the expression of insulin receptor in the S5º C group was significantly (p = 0.001) higher than the S36º C group.
Conclusion: Swimming training at 5º C and 36º C significantly increased the gene expression of GLUT4 and insulin receptor in the brown adipose tissue of diabetic rats.
Nafiseh Mousavi Bazaz, Masoumeh Haghighi, Roya Boujaran, Vida Vakili, Mojtaba Mousavi Bazzaz, Gholamreza Haghighi,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background and Objective: The young adults, especially the students of medical fields, as the health ambassadors of every community, play a vital role in health maintenance and improvement of society. Promoting the lifestyle behaviors of this group leads to the better health status of other society members. This study was set to asses the Lealth-promoting Lifestyle (HPL) of medical students in Mashhad, Iran.
Material and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 120 medical students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2018-2019. The data were collected by the self-reported Persian version of HPL profile II which has been validated in former studies. SPSS package (version 20) was used to analyse data, and two independent samples t-test to compare data.sampling was done in two stages, including random selection of the classroom and the clinical ward, and then random selection of students in each.
Results: 50.2% of all participants were male in gender and 77.5% were single. The overall score of HPL profile II among all the participants was moderate. According to the scores of Health-promoting Lifestyle Behaviors (HPLB), stress management scored the highest (29.62±4.45), spiritual growth and physical activity were at the lowest levels (10.84±2.07 and 16.55±4.97, respectively). Two dimensions of HPLB showed a significant difference base on the gender of the participants (better physical activity in men (p-value= 0.04) and self-responsibility for health in women (p-value=0.05)). There was not a statistical difference between HPL subscales by the participants` marital status.
Conclusion: The HPL profile II total score is moderate, but not desirable; therefore, admitting appropriate programs for lifestyle improvement, especially in the field of mental development, physical activities and nutrition, regarding student gender is recommended. Our findings can attribute the health policymakers to develop the health programs among the students and adding related courses to the educational curriculum.
Fateme Yazdani,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (12-2023)
Abstract
Letter to the Editor
Asieh Sadat Baniaghil, Masoumeh Helalian, Zahra Valinezhad , Nasser Behnampour,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (4-2024)
Abstract
Background: The first 6 to 8 months of a human baby's life are among the most crucial periods of development. Mothers can enhance an infant's development by offering environments rich in appropriate stimuli. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of motor developmental stimulatory training on mothers' motor development (fine and gross) in healthy, full-term, 6-month-old infants.
Methods: This experimental study was conducted 2016 on 72 mothers and their healthy six-month-old infants in Gorgan (Iran). The block randomization method assigned participants to the intervention (n=36) and control (n=36) groups. The motor developmental stimulatory training program was performed for five 90-minute weekly sessions by a midwifery consultant for children's mothers. The fine and gross motor development of infants in both groups was evaluated before the intervention, in the end, and two weeks after the intervention by a research assistant using the Denver-II tool. The data were analyzed using the Friedman and the Mann- Whitney U Tests using SPSS software version 26.
Results: At the beginning of the study, infants’ mean fine motor skills scores were 6.22±0.47 in the intervention group and 6.05±0.43 in the control group, showing no significant difference. Likewise, the mean gross motor skills scores were 6.65±0.52 for the intervention group and 5.7±0.42 for the control group, which was also insignificant (< 0.0116). However, by the end of the training, the mean ages for fine motor skills in the intervention group rose to 9.41±0.75 compared to 7.51±0.42 in the control group, and two weeks later, they were 11.43±0.49 in the intervention group against 8.64±0.54 in the control group, with these differences being significant (P-value < 0.0001). The mean ages for gross motor skills at the end of the training were 7.94±0.61 in the intervention group and 6.7±0.34 in the control group, and two weeks later, 9.3±0.47 in the intervention group compared to 7.46±0.55 in the control group, which was also significant (P-value < 0.0001).
Conclusion: Developmental stimulatory training significantly improves 6-mount infants' gross and fine motor skills. Midwifery consultants can educate mothers about the motor development stimulation package so that they can use it to enhance the fine and gross motor skills of their healthy infant.
