Showing 45 results for Mir
Monavar Moradian Sorkhkalaee, Hasan Eftekhar, Saharnaz Nejat, Narges Saeepour, Sima Esmaeel Shemirzadi,
Volume 1, Issue 1 (10-2012)
Abstract
Background and objective:
Students are the most dynamic people in the society and their health is to a great extent a prerequisite for the health of most individuals in the society. This study was conducted to investigate the state of mental health and factors which influence it in the students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services.
Materials and Methods:
This descriptive-analytic study was conducted on 400 students of Tehran Medical Sciences University in the academic year 2010-2011. The number of studied subjects was determined according to the student population of each faculty and questionnaires were randomly distributed among them. The data collection tool in this study was the standard GHQ28 questionnaire. After collecting the data, analysis was done using SPSS.18 software, Chi-square test, T-test, and Regression Logestic.
Results:
25.52% of the attendants were healthy and 75.47% had suspected mental disorders. Also, regarding depression, 75.53% of people suffered from mental disorders and 25.46% were healthy.
Conclusion:
According to the achieved results, it seems that studying at university, facing educational problems and the existing conditions at university cause an increase in the rate of mental disorder among the students of Medical Sciences University.
Leila M Juybari, Seyyedeh Fatemeh H Hosseini, Samieh Ghana, Samira Saeedi, Akram Sanagoo,
Volume 1, Issue 1 (10-2012)
Abstract
Background and objective:
Delirium is an acute and transient disorder in the function of the brain. Although the main core of this syndrome is consciousness disorder and deficiencies in attention and concentration, the general deficiency is seen in all psychological areas of thinking, temperament, cognition, language, speaking, sleeping, and mental-motional and other cognitive areas. Delirium is often seen in recovery room and is a predictor of post-operative delirium in the general ward. This study was conducted to determine the incidence of delirium in patients after surgery in the recovery room.
Materials and Methods:
This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 75 patients after general and orthopedic surgery and in the recovery room of the educational-therapeutic center of Gorgan in 1389 using the DESC-Nu nursing delirium screening scale. Data was analyzed using chi-square descriptive and analytical statistics and T-test.
Results:
Among the 75 studied patients in the recovery room after orthopedic surgery and general surgery, 53.3% were women with a mean age of 48.7. The mean surgery duration was 129.21 minutes. 26.6% had been under spinal anesthesia and 73.3% had been under general anesthesia. Delirium was observed in 30.6% of all the patients. Delirium was observed in 21.3% of patients having orthopedic surgery and 9.3% of the patients having general surgery. Delirium had a significant statistical relation with the variables of age, gender, and type of surgery (p<0.05).
Conclusion:
This study showed that 30.6% of patients had delirium. Male and older patients having orthopedic surgery were more vulnerable. Therefore, usual assessment of delirium in recovery room to identify patients with delirium can be a guide of nurses’ appropriate care of patients after surgery.
Zahra Amirkhani Dehkordi, Nooshin Naghsh, Heydar Aqbaba,
Volume 1, Issue 1 (10-2012)
Abstract
Background and objective:
The use of silver nanoparticles is one of the functional areas of nanotechnology. These nanoparticles have an antibacterial and antifungal quality. The active ions released form silver nanoparticles can produce free radicals and damage different types of cell. Considering the importance of hemoglobin, this study investigates Comparison of injective and contact effect of silver nanoparticles on the rate of hemoglobin changes in male rats.
Materials and Methods:
In this experimental study were 72 male adult Wistar rats with a mean weight of 225 to 250 grams. The animals were randomly divided into ten groups of eight rats. Nanoparticles were administered to treatment groups using the injective method through intraperitoneal (IP) and the skin contact method with concentrations of 50, 100, 200, and 400 ppm. In order to assimilate the shock resulted by injection and contact, physiologic serum of the same amount was injected to rats of control group or contacted to their skin. Then, blood was drawn from the internal corner of the rats’ eye using capillary tubes. The mean level of hemoglobin in the rats’ blood in the treatment and control group was compared 12 days after the treatment. To compare the means, ANOVA test was used.
Results:
The results showed the dependence of dose and the rate of hemoglobin changes in intraperitoneal injection and the lack of effect of silver nanoparticles on hemoglobin changes in skin contact.
Conclusion:
The effectof the injection of silver nanoparticles on the rate of hemoglobin has been dose-dependent. But the skin contact method has had no effects on the rate of hemoglobin. It seems that a low concentration of nanoparticles and a short period of time cause a lack of effect on the factor.
Sedigheh Moghasemi, Nezal Ajh, Taraneh Estaki, Parvin Mirmiran,
Volume 2, Issue 2 (10-2014)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Pregnant or lactating women and children are the two population group most vulnerable to nutritional deficiencies. The aim of this study was to review the nutritional status of lactating women, as one of the main loops of the chain of effective factors on health of the generation and society, assessing the supportive nutrition programs in Iran and to provide solutions in this regard. Method: This review was conducted in April 2014. All related articles on the databases of IranMedex, SID (Scientific Information database) and PubMed were investigated with no time limit. After reviewing the abstracts, 15 Persian articles and 13 English articles were fully reviewed. Results: The results of the few available studies on the nutritional status of lactating women indicate deficiencies or inappropriate nutritional patterns among lactating women. Although in formulation of nutritional strategies, pregnant or lactating women and children often receive equal attention, women are practically the target of nutrition and health programs to improve the growth of the fetus and little attention have been paid to their health and nutritional needs. Nutrition of lactating women have been forgotten and solely focus on prenatal nutrition of women means ignoring the more fundamental nutritional problem in women throughout their lives. Conclusion: Implementing a holistic approach to health and nutrition of women instead of the traditional approach, which focuses solely on a particular period of life, leads to health promotion and ensuring the health of women and the next generation.
Zahra Moshtagh Eshgh, Ali Akbar Aghaeinezhad, Akram Peyman, Aref Amirkhani, Fakhredin Taghinejad, Ali Akbar Sheikhi,
Volume 2, Issue 2 (10-2014)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Job burnout is one of the inevitable consequences of occupational stress. Professional staff of social services are the first candidates of burnout, therefore this study was aimed to determine the relationship between occupational stresses with job burnout in pre-hospital emergency staff.
Method: In this cross-sectional study, 206 employees, working in 44 pre-hospital emergency bases in Golestan province were enrolled in years 2011-12. Information was obtained by occupational stress questionnaire and Maslach Burnout and then using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient test, ANOVA, T-Test and Tukey tests the data were analyzed in SPSS software.
Results: 117 individuals (75.5 percent) had moderate to high stress. Organizational factors (21.62 ± 6.05) with a mean score from 100 (65.51) had the highest score in causing stress and physical factors (10.44 ± 3.43), occupational (37.12 ± 1.12) and group factors (10.54 ± 1.12) were second and third respectively. Among all the subjects, 76.6% had experienced moderate to high burnout. There was a significant statistical difference between job stress and age (P=0.02) , type of employment (P=0.048) and between burnout and education (P=0.028) in the overall level of job stress and burnout significant correlation was observed (r=0.335, P<0.001).
Conclusion: Emergency staffs work in a stressful environment, which leads to burnout, thus identifying stressors and ways to overcome these factors, especially in the corporate (management) dimension can help reduce burnout.
Seyyed Kamaloddin Mirkarimi, Mohammad Aryaie, Aziz Kamran, Hasan Farid,
Volume 2, Issue 2 (10-2014)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Self-care means enabling individuals to manage special circumstances, such as illness, chronic diseases and having more control over life. Women are more susceptible to serious health risks such as obesity and overweight compared to men, therefore this study was conducted in the city of Gorgan to determine the knowledge, attitude and behavior of women regarding the self-care behavior.
Method: In this descriptive- analytical study, 420 women referred to health centers of Gorgan were recruited through cluster random sampling. Data were collected using the standard general self-care questionnaire. Information such as barriers and facilitators of self-care behavior, knowledge, desire and performing self-care behaviors of individuals were evaluated. Data were then analyzed using descriptive statistics and analytical tests in SPSS software (version16).
Results: The mean age of samples was 33.07 ± 12.2 years. Among all the tested individuals, 49% (n=206) had a satisfactory knowledge about Self-care, 36.4% (n=152) had a tendency to perform self-care and 21.8 percent (n=92) were performing self-care related activities. There was a significant relationship between knowledge and performing self-care (P= 0.0001), attitudes and performing self-care (P=0.0001) and between knowledge and behavior (P=0.0001).
Conclusion: Due to the relative knowledge, attitude and unfavorable performance of individuals, appropriate educational interventions are recommended to increase knowledge. Moreover the awareness and attitude of the participants should also be changed using attitude change techniques such as in-depth interviews and subsequently its improvements will occur.
Sara Sohrabvandi, Seyed Amir Mohgammad Mortazavian, Hamed Jahani, Mohammad Javad Eivani, Ameneh Nematollahhi, Rozita Komeili,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (5-2015)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Fortification of beverages with new functional ingredients such as prebiotics is one of the recent progresses in the field of juice production. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of adding some prebiotics such as Inulin and Tagatose on physicochemical and sensory properties of orange juice.
Methods: The prebiotic compounds (Inulin and Tagatose) along with sucrose were added to orange juice in specific proportions and then pasteurized at 90°C. Orange juice treated samples were kept at 4°C (refrigerator temperature) and 25°C (room temperature) for 3 months. Physicochemical (Brix, acidity, sucrose content and pH) and sensory properties of treated samples were evaluated within time intervals of one month.
Results: The results showed that storage temperature had no significant effect on pH, Brix and acidity of all treatments (P>0.05). On the other hand, total sugar content of all treatments had decreased significantly during storage (P<0.05), as the greatest decrease was observed in Inulin-3/Sucrose-3 treatment keeping at room temperature with 33.7%. It was reported that no change in the transparency treatments was observed (P>0.05). Storage of treatments at room temperature had decreased the acceptance of flavors significantly (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The result of this study showed that Inulin in combination with sucrose and Tagatose could be used to produce salutary juice with desirable sensory properties.
Samaneh Taghilou, Mirjamal Hosseini,
Volume 3, Issue 2 (10-2015)
Abstract
The dialkyl- or alkyl/aryl esters of 1, 2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, which are known as Phthalates, are high-production volume synthetic chemicals and considered as environmental pollutants, due to high production and uses in community, plastics industry and common consuming products. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is the most abundant phthalate in the environment. Human exposure with DEHP could be done via different chemical compounds including food packaging, household furnishings, nutritional supplements, cleaning materials and insecticides. Besides, exposure of human with phthalates occurs through different pathways such as direct contact and using Phthalate-containing products, and indirectly through leaching into other products, or general environmental contaminations. Historically, the diet has been considered the major source of phthalate exposure in the general population, but in all sources, pathways, and their relative contributions to human exposures are not well understood. Medical devices are other source of significant exposure in human. Furthermore, cosmetics, personal care products, pharmaceuticals, nutritional supplements, herbal remedies and insecticides, may result in significant but poorly quantified human exposure with this compounds. In the present review article, we tried to discuss about metabolism of phthalates in human, toxicity, monitoring of phthalates in foods, environment, and cosmetic products and then metabolites of phthalates. Finally, evaluation of human exposure through biological control is discussed.
Fatemeh Zaboli, Seyed Mojtaba Mahdipour Mir,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (10-2016)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Escherichia coli (E.coli) is one of the most common bacteria causing urinary tract infections which has become resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics due to the acquisition of plasmids encoding extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL). Here, we investigated the phenotype and genotype of Cefotaxsim-M (CTX-M) gene among ESBL-producing Escherichia coli among urine samples of patients reffering to Yahyanejad hospital of Babol city.
Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted among all 1842 patients referring to Yahyanejad hospital since June to December of 2015. Disc diffusion method was used to evaluate the bacterial resistance to cefotaxime, meropenem, gentamicin, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, nitrofurantoin and nalidixic acid. The resistant strains were also confirmed using a combination of cefotaxime-clavulanic acid and ceftazidime-clavulanic acid discs. The presence of CTX-M gene was evaluated among ESBL-producing strains by Real time PCR. SPSS 20 software and chi-square test were used to analyze data statistically.
Results: A total of 84 E.coli isolates were detected in all specimens. The most sensitivities were against amikacin (91.67%), meropenem (96.43%), ampicillin/sulbactam (95.24%) and piperacillin/tazobactam (94.5%). However, the highest resistancies were against nalidixic acid (83%) , doxycycline/ salicilin (70%), ceftriaxone (46.63 %) and ciprofloxacin (51.2%). Twenty-nine isolates (34.5%) produced ESBL. The CTX-M positive ESBL-producing E-coli was 69%. There was a significant relationship between the presence of CTX-M gene and ESBL (P-value = 0.03).
Conclusion: In the present study, the presence of beta-lactamase-producing genes (CTX-M) in E.coli strains were markedly high. Therefore, the consumption of antibiotics should be controled and further phenotypic and genotypic studies on bacterial pathogens should be conducted.
Samira Shakerizadeh, Mohammadi Shekari, Abdolazim Nejatizadeh, Aliakbar Poursadegh Zonouzi, Hedieh Fardmanesh, Ahmad Poursadegh Zonouzi,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (10-2016)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Deregulation in the expression of microRNAs is involved in the pathogenesis of various malignancies. Impaired microRNAs processing pathway is one possible mechanism for global deregulation of the miRNAs. Exportin 5 (XPO5) is a key member of this pathway that links nuclear and cytoplasmic steps of miRNAs biogenesis together. XPO5 deregulation has been reported in some cancers but very little is known about its role in breast cancer. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the mRNA expression of XPO5 in breast cancer in an Iranian population.
Methods: In this case-control study, 30 tumoral tissues and 30 tumor-free margins were collected from breast cancer patients. After RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, XPO5 mRNA expression level was assessed using quantitative Real-Time PCR.
Results: Our results showed that XPO5 was overexpressed in 53.3% of tumoral tissues but the difference in the gene expression level between tumoral tissues and tumor-free margins was not statistically significant (P-value=0.834). XPO5 expression level showed no statistically significant correlation and association with clinical and pathological parameters.
Conclusion: Overexpression of XPO5 in large percent of patients indicates that high level of XPO5 expression may be a tumorigenic factor for breast cancer which needs to be investigated more deeply.
Alireza Mohebbi, Sanaz Baghban Rahimi, Alijan Tabarraei, Mohsen Saeedi, Mirsaeed Ebrahimzadeh, Leila Alizadeh, Amir Ghaemi,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (10-2016)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Human papilloma virus (HPV) is known as the etiologic agent of cervical cancer and second common cancer among women. HPV viruses with the elevated risk of infection have more potentiality to cause cancer. The carcinogenesis in these viruses is accomplished by oncoproteins such as E7. Employing DNA vaccines which code specific antigens such as E7 is a novel therapeutic approach against such cancers.
Methods: In the present study, plasmid coding HPV16 E7 was administered intracutaneously to C57BL/6 tumoric mice models for investigation of its immunostimulating potential. PcDNA3.1+ vector was used as control vector. After immunization, spleen of animals were removed. Then, release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was evaluated to address the cytotoxic activity (CTL) induced by cellular immunity in spleenocytes. Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) cytokines were also analyzed as profiles of Th1 and Th2, respectively. Anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels were also investigated in tumor microenvironments.
Results: Our results showed that CTL activity was higher among samples receiving HPV16 E7 coding vector in comparison to the group receiving pcDNA3.1+ control vector (P < 0.05). Levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 were also higher in the group receiving HPV16 E7 plasmid in comparison to the control group (P < 0.05). Similarly, IL-10 levels were significantly lower in tumor carrying mice groups receiving HPV16 DNA vaccine compare to PBS and pcDNA3.1 receiving control groups.
Conclusion: HPV16 E7 expressing DNA vaccine could increase the release of LDH due to immune system CTL activity. Elevation in IFN-γ and IL-4 levels as well as IL-10 reduction indicates an increase in both Th1 and Th2 profiles resulted by using potent DNA vaccine coding HPV16 E7 in tumor animal model.
Towhid Babazadeh, Morteza Banaye Jeddi, Davood Shojaeizadeh, Fatemeh Moradi, Katayoon Mirzaeian, Elham Gheysvandi,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (10-2016)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Family-centered empowerment model is one of the patterns in the area of empowering patients in modification of risky behaviors. According to extensive health and economic consequences of brucellosis in the community, we decided to evaluate the effect of this pattern in risk behavior modification in patients with brucellosis.
Methods: The current study was a quasi-experimental study that was performed on 76 individuals with brucellosis in Chalderan County, 2013. All of the patients were allocated in intervention and control groups using stratified randomiztion. Data was collected using a standardized researcher-made questionnaire based on family-centered empowerment model in five structures including knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, self-esteem and behavior in two phases. The first stage was before the educational intervention and the second stage was performed two months after the intervention. To analyze data statistically, descriptive statistics and paired and independent t tests with the significance level of 0.05 were used.
Results: Mean and standard deviation of the patients' ages was 37.9 ± 14.7. Paired t-test results showed that the mean scores of knowledge (p<0.001), attitudes (p<0.001), self efficacy (p<0.001), self-esteem (p<0.001) and behavior (p<0.001) were significantly increased within the intervention group. However, the changes were not significant in the mean scores of knowledge (p=0.293), attitudes (p=0.106), self efficacy (p=0.225), self-esteem (p=0.105) and behavior (p=0.303) in the control group. According to the results of independent t-test, the mean scores increased considerably in all structures within the intervention group in comparison to the control group after the educational intervention (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Regular interventional programs and applying educational theories could be an effective method in high risk behavior modification in patients with brucellosis. Therefore, such programs should be implemented in a wide range.
Sanaz Baghbanrahimi, Hoorieh Soleimanjahi, Alireza Mohebbi, Mir Saeid Ebrahimzadeh, Leyla Alizade, Amir Ghaemi,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (5-2017)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Human papillomavirus (HPV) oncoproteins, including E6 and E7 are constitutively expressed in cervical cancer cells. These proteins are ideal targets to be used for developing therapeutic vaccines against existing HPV-associated carcinomas. The aim of this study was to measure the proliferation response rate of splenic lymphocytes derived from E7-HPV16 encoding plasmid injection on the tumor mouse model of papillomavirus.
Method: C57BL/6 mice were inoculated subcutaneous with 5× 10⁵ TC-1 cells in three times with two weeks intervals and then immunized with HPV-16 E7 DNA vaccine. The proliferation response of splenic cells was measured by MTT assay. IL12 cytokine was measured by ELISA assay and the mass of tumor was calculated with caliper for six weeks.
Results: Following the application of DNA vaccines containing E7 therapeutic gene, the proliferative response of splenic cells was provoked significanltly higher than the stimulation in control group (P<0.05). Moreover, the secretion of IL12 was significantly increased in vaccinated mice tumor tissue (P<0.05). The growth of tumor in vaccinated group was markedly decreased in comparison to PBS and pcDNA3 groups (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Our findings revealed that the application of DNA vaccine containing E7 gene in a tumor mouse model may induce anti-tumor cellular immune responses.
Dr Seyyed Kamal Mirkarimi, Rahmanberdi Ozoni Doji, Dr Mohammadreza Honarvar, Leyla Fazeli Aref,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (5-2017)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Obesity is an important health problem that is dramatically increasing in developed and developing countries and is also responsible for the most leading health problems in the vast majority of countries. Then, the current survey was aimed to investigate the association between physical activity and fruit and vegetables consumption among overweight and obese women referring to health centers of Gorgan city.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was accomplished among 420 overweight or obese women referring to the health centers of Gorgan city. A multi-stage cluster sampling was conducted. A researcher made questionnaire was made based on social cognitive theory constructs including demographic characteristics, HPLPII physical fitness standard questionnaire and fruit and vegetables consumption. All data were analyzed using central and distribution indices and analytical information through correlation and multivariate linear regression tests.
Results: The mean score of fruit and vegetable consumption were accordingly 2.04 ± 0.78 and 1.67 ± 0.83 portion per day; while, the average score of physical activity was 23.31 minutes with standard deviation of 16.6. There were a significant relationship between the self-efficacy, availability, expectation, environment and physical activity (p=0.001) and between the availability, expectation and fruit and vegetable consumption (p= 0.001).
Conclusion: The current findings suggest that structures of social cognitive theory including expectations, availability and self-efficacy play an important role in predicting physical activity and fruit and vegetables consumption.
Dr Mohammad Shokrzadeh, Reza Hoseinpoor, Dr Amir Hajimohammadi, Azam Delaram, Yaghoub Shayeste,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (10-2017)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Poisonings are of the major public health challenges. Non-medicinal poisonings are of the most common types and causes of referring to medical centers worldwide. The present study was aimed to determine the non-medicinal poisonings pattern in adults of Gorgan city.
Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on all non-medicinal poisoned patients referred to the 5Azar hospital from 2008 – 2015. Data were collected on checklists using census data collection method and were analyzed by Stata 11.0 software using Pearson’s Chi- square test.
Results: Of all 800 admitted poisoning cases, 227 individuals were non-medicinal and mostly male (72.7%). The ages of 34.4 % of cases were between 20 and 29 years. Moreover, 68.7% of all cases were living in urban areas, 57.7% were married and 27.8% were educated up to high school. Poisonings mostly occurred during summer (30%) and intentional (suicidal) poisonings were known as the major form (47.1%). Opium and aluminum phosphide were the most important poisoning agents (54.2%). Finally, 29 patients (12.8%) had passed away where aluminum phosphide poisoning was the main reason (55.2%).
Conclusion: Intentional poisonings by opium and aluminum phosphide were identified as the main causes of non-medicinal poisonings. It is necessary to emphasize on educational programs, prevention methods and general awareness.
Ali Maleka, Dr Nasser Behnampour, Dr Seyed Kamal Mirkarimi, Sadegh Khosravi, Asghar Khosravi,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (10-2017)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Animal bites are a major threat to human health, while the subsequent infections such as Rabies could be lethal. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiologic status of animal bite and the effect of wasting stray dogs on the incidence of animal bites in Galikesh County since 2009 until 2013.
Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study with descriptive-analytical approach. A total of 1712 animal-bitten cases who were residing in Galikesh during the years of 2009-2013 were enrolled by census method. Data were collected from the recorded documents of animal-bitten individuals and analyzed by SPSS.
Results: Of all cases, 1203 (70.3%) individuals were male and 509 (29.7%) were female. Regarding the age, cases were ranged between 1 to 89 years with a mean and standard deviation of 26.88 ± 18.39 years. The majority of bite cases (92.3%) were related to dogs. Moreover, 71.4% of bites were on legs. There was a significant relationship between sex and the place of residence as well as between the place of the event (biting) and delay to the first vaccination (P <0.05). Wasting the stray dogs has no effect on reducing the incidence of bites (P <0.05).
Conclusion: The current plan of wasting the stray dogs has no effect on reducing the incidence of bites in Galikesh. Therefore, it is recommended to carry out controlling programs, education and community awareness in this field.
Dr Behrooz Yahyaei, Dr Mahnaz Nouri, Dr Hamid Matmir,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (3-2018)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Anabolic steroids are routinely consumed by athletes. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of Boldenone (BOL) on testicular tissue and the healing effect of jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) hydroalcoholic extract in addition to physical exercise.
Methods: In the present case–control study, 42 male wistar rats were purchased and divided into 3 experimental groups. 28 rats were subjected to BOL injection and subsequently divided into 4 groups. The control group, Sham and 8-week BOL group which was also divided into 4 subsequent groups of controlling BOL complications after 8 weeks, untreated control, jujube extract and jujube extract along with physical exercise.
Results: In the present study we found that jujube extract exerted healing effects on all groups pf treated rats in addition to the exercise training groups.
Conclusion: Jujube extract along with physical exercise may exert healing effects on testicular tissue after administration of anabolic BOL steroid.
Anis Abbasi, Amir Ashkan Nasiri Pour, Seyyed Jamalodin Tabibi, Pouran Raeisi,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (6-2018)
Abstract
Background and objectives: The development and distribution of hospital beds, regardless of effective factors, may downgrade equity in access to health services through imposing costs of inefficiency. This study aimed to develop a hospital bed distribution model in Iran in order to facilitate the optimal and cost-effective development and distribution of hospital beds.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study with mixed-methods analysis was carried out during 2015-2016. The research population encompassed 345 managers and experts in the field of health, who were selected using multistage quota sampling method from five regions of Iran (north, south, center, west and east). A total pool of 23 experts were selected from each university, and a researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. Content Validity Ratio (CVR) was used to evaluate the questionnaire content and face validity. Cronbach's alpha coefficient and exploratory factor analysis with Varimax rotation were run as well to determine the questionnaire reliability and item consistency, respectively. For this purpose, AMOS version 20 and SPSS version 20 software were employed. To determine the fit of the model, the fit indices were also considered.
Results: Out of 51 effective factors included in the questionnaire in accordance with content validity, 23 items were confirmed by the experts. Exploratory factor analysis detected five organizational (seven components), economic (four components), social (six components), political (three components) and geographic (three components) factors as the main dimensions of hospital bed distribution, which could explain 70.745% of variance for all variables. The organizational and geographical dimensions had the highest (1.00) and lowest (0.16) influence on the hospital bed distribution. After running confirmatory factor analysis, two components of social and economic attributes with factor load of 0.46 in social dimension and efficiency and effectiveness of existing centers with factor load of 0.31 in the economic dimension were excluded from the model.
Conclusion: This study confirmed the hospital bed distribution model with five organizational, social, economic, political, and geographical dimensions, in which the organizational dimension with high explanatory power had the greatest impact on the hospital bed distribution. Therefore, this model seems efficient to be used as a comprehensive and appropriate method in making policies and decisions about the development and distribution of hospital beds.
Mohammad-Hassan Akhavan Karbassi, Fatemeh Owlia, Henghameh Zandi, Samira Hajimaghsoodi,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (3-2019)
Abstract
Background and objectives: The association of oral micro-organisms with infectious diseases such as bacterial endocarditis is a concern in dentistry. Bacterial endocarditis is a serious disease with a mortality rate of 40%. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of using chlorhexidine mouthwash on concentrations of some groups of bacteria in gingival sulcus, which is the main contact point of oral flora with circulating blood during scaling.
Methods: In this Randomized controlled clinical trial, participants were selected among referrals to the department of gingival diseases of Yazd dental school. Participants underwent determining plaque index and after scaling, sampling of the buccal and lingual gingival groove of mandibular central and lateral teeth was performed by paper with walking movement.
Results: participants were 53 patients who divided into two groups. Group A consisted of 27 patients (15 women and 12 men) ranging in age from 21 to 54 years mean of 35) who used 50 mL chlorhexidine mouthwash and Group B consisted of 26 patients (13 females and 13 males) ranging in age from 19 to 51 years old with a mean of 35.76 who used 50 mL normal saline before scaling. Study groups were not significantly different in terms of age, sex and plaque index. (P-values= 0.755, 0.348 and 0.708)
Mann Whitney-Wilcoxon test compared the counted values of Streptococcus viridance and Staphylococcus aureus in control group was significantly higher than the study group. (P-value = 0.000)
Conclusion: according to the results of our study chlorhexidine mouthwash prior to scaling teeth significantly reduced Streptococcus viridance and Staphylococcus aureus colony counts and could be recommended as a complementary agent for antibiotic prophylaxis in high risk patients prone to endocarditis, or as the only agent in moderate risk cardiac patients that antibiotic prophylaxis does not been used.
Maryam Kazemipoor, Fatemeh Owlia, Mehri Esfandyar, Ali Dehghani, Hossein Fallahzadeh, Amir Houshang Mehrparvar, Mohammad Javad Zare Sakhvidi, Masoud Mirzaei,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (7-2019)
Abstract
Backgrounds and Objectives: Afew large population-based studies have been conducted on the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in relation to fertility status in the Iranian population. The aim of study was determine the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in relation to fertility status in women participants of Shahedieh cohort study.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 4935 women who participated in the Shahedieh cohort study. The age range of participants was 35-71 years with a mean age of 47.12 years. The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions considering fertility variables including pregnancy, number of pregnancy, oophorectomy, tubectomy, hysterectomy, infertility, menopause, normal menopause, and abortion, application of infertility and oral contraceptive drugs and hormone replacement therapy were recorded.
Results: The total prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in the studied women were 3.8%. The most commonly affected age group was 40-49 years, followed by 30-39, 50-59 and 60-71 years, respectively. Considering the fertility variables, only menopause (P=0.047) and normal menopause (P=0.024) significantly related to the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions.
Conclusions: The findings of the present study provide information on the prevalence of the oral mucosal lesions considering fertility status in a large population-based study in Iran. With due attention to the higher prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in menopause women, an improved comprehension of oral manifestations at menopause and preventive and treatment approaches during this period should be programmed with health care services to meet the needs of patients deservingly.
